If my gums bleed I should stop brushing there

Okay, so, my gums have been bleeding a little bit lately when I brush my teeth. It’s not a lot of blood, but it’s definitely noticeable. Usually it’s only in a couple of spots. I’m wondering if I’m brushing too hard in those areas and irritating my gums.

So, should I just avoid brushing those spots for a few days to let them heal? I don’t want to make the bleeding worse! Or is that a really bad idea and I’m going to get like, gum disease or something? Should I use a softer toothbrush? I currently have a "medium" bristled one. Also, I do floss most days, but not always. Could that be the problem? I’m a little worried, any advice would be great.

Answer

If your gums bleed when you brush, it’s generally not a sign to stop brushing that area. In fact, bleeding gums are often a sign that you need to brush more effectively and consistently. The most common reason for bleeding gums is gingivitis, an early stage of gum disease caused by plaque and bacteria buildup at the gum line. Here’s a detailed breakdown of why bleeding gums occur, what to do about them, and when to seek professional help:

Causes of Bleeding Gums:

• Gingivitis: This is the most common cause. Plaque, a sticky film of bacteria, constantly forms on your teeth. If not removed regularly by brushing and flossing, it irritates the gums, leading to inflammation (gingivitis). Inflamed gums are more prone to bleeding, even with gentle brushing.

• Poor Oral Hygiene: Inconsistent or inadequate brushing and flossing allow plaque to accumulate, increasing the risk of gingivitis and bleeding.

• Aggressive Brushing: While it’s important to clean thoroughly, brushing too hard or using a hard-bristled toothbrush can injure the gums and cause them to bleed.

• New Brushing or Flossing Routine: If you’ve recently started flossing or changed your brushing technique, your gums might bleed initially as they adjust. This usually resolves within a week or two as your gums become healthier.

• Medications: Certain medications, especially blood thinners (anticoagulants) like warfarin or aspirin, can increase the risk of bleeding, including gum bleeding.

• Underlying Medical Conditions: In some cases, bleeding gums can be a symptom of an underlying medical condition, such as:

  • Thrombocytopenia: A condition characterized by a low platelet count, which can impair blood clotting.
  • Leukemia: A type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow.
  • Vitamin Deficiencies: Deficiencies in vitamins C and K can contribute to bleeding gums.
  • Diabetes: Can impair healing and increase susceptibility to infections, including gum disease.
  • Hormonal Changes: Hormonal fluctuations during pregnancy (pregnancy gingivitis) or menstruation can make gums more sensitive and prone to bleeding.
  • Scurvy: Severe vitamin C deficiency.

• Smoking: Smoking weakens the immune system and makes it harder for the body to fight off gum infections, increasing the risk of gum disease and bleeding.

• Infection: Less commonly, a specific gum infection can cause bleeding.

What To Do About Bleeding Gums:

1. Improve Oral Hygiene:

   • Brush Regularly: Brush your teeth at least twice a day, ideally after meals, using a soft-bristled toothbrush.

   • Use Proper Brushing Technique: Hold the toothbrush at a 45-degree angle to the gum line and use gentle, circular motions. Avoid scrubbing vigorously. Spend at least two minutes brushing, ensuring you reach all surfaces of your teeth.

   • Floss Daily: Floss between your teeth at least once a day to remove plaque and food particles that brushing can’t reach. Use a gentle sawing motion to guide the floss between your teeth and avoid snapping it against your gums.

   • Use an Antiseptic Mouthwash: Rinsing with an antiseptic mouthwash can help kill bacteria and reduce inflammation in the gums. Look for mouthwashes containing chlorhexidine gluconate or essential oils. Note: Chlorhexidine mouthwash should be used short-term and as directed by your dentist, as long-term use can stain teeth.

2. Use a Soft-Bristled Toothbrush: A soft-bristled toothbrush is less likely to irritate or damage your gums.

3. Rinse with Warm Salt Water: Rinsing with warm salt water (1/2 teaspoon of salt in a cup of warm water) can help soothe inflamed gums and promote healing.

4. Maintain a Healthy Diet: A balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals, especially vitamin C and vitamin K, can help support gum health.

5. Quit Smoking: Smoking significantly increases the risk of gum disease and makes it harder for gums to heal. Quitting smoking is one of the best things you can do for your overall health, including your oral health.

6. Manage Underlying Medical Conditions: If you have an underlying medical condition that is contributing to your bleeding gums, work with your doctor to manage the condition effectively.

When to See a Dentist:

• Bleeding persists for more than a week or two despite improved oral hygiene.
• Bleeding is excessive or occurs frequently.
• Gums are swollen, red, or tender.
• You notice pus between your teeth and gums.
• Your teeth are loose or separating.
• You experience persistent bad breath or a bad taste in your mouth.
• You have any other concerns about your gum health.
• You are on blood-thinning medications.
• You have an underlying medical condition that may be contributing to the bleeding.

A dentist can diagnose the cause of your bleeding gums and recommend appropriate treatment, which may include:

• Professional Cleaning (Scaling and Root Planing): This procedure removes plaque and tartar from above and below the gum line, helping to reduce inflammation and promote healing.
• Antibiotics: In some cases, antibiotics may be prescribed to treat a gum infection.
• Surgery: In severe cases of gum disease, surgery may be necessary to repair damaged gum tissue or bone.
• Referral to a Periodontist: A periodontist is a specialist in the treatment of gum disease. Your dentist may refer you to a periodontist if your condition is severe or complex.

In Summary:

Bleeding gums are a common problem, but they shouldn’t be ignored. In most cases, they are a sign of gingivitis and can be resolved with improved oral hygiene. However, it’s important to see a dentist if the bleeding persists or is accompanied by other symptoms. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent the progression of gum disease and protect your oral health.